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Title: PipeWire sound server migration
Author: Sam James <sam@gentoo.org>
Posted: 2022-07-29
Revision: 1
News-Item-Format: 2.0
Display-If-Installed: media-video/pipewire
Display-If-Installed: media-sound/pulseaudio
Display-If-Installed: media-sound/pulseaudio-daemon
Display-If-Installed: media-libs/libpulse
PipeWire has gained a new USE flag "sound-server" for enabling/disabling its
sound server capabilities.
This change is needed to avoid PipeWire and PulseAudio conflicting over control
of audio devices. Before this change, OpenRC users were in some cases
accidentally migrated to PipeWire which was difficult to override without
manually editing launcher files.
For non-audio purposes, PipeWire is installed in many configurations as more
and more software depends on it for e.g. screensharing, sandboxing,
and window previews, so users will need to act based on their preferred
setup rather than simply avoiding installing PipeWire, as it is
increasingly required as a dependency.
Packages needing PulseAudio's APIs will be migrated from the now-meta package
media-sound/pulseaudio to depending on media-libs/libpulse. The runtime
PulseAudio server can be provided by either PipeWire (media-video/pipewire)
or the original PulseAudio (media-sound/pulseaudio-daemon).
The new sound-server USE flag for PipeWire allows easily controlling
this behavior.
There are several options available:
1. To use PipeWire for sound, users should enable USE=sound-server for PipeWire:
Place the following entries in /etc/portage/package.use:
```
media-video/pipewire sound-server
media-sound/pulseaudio -daemon
```
First, sync:
# emerge --sync
Deselect media-sound/pulseaudio-daemon:
# emerge --deselect media-sound/pulseaudio-daemon
Then perform a world upgrade with PipeWire on the command line to add
it to the world file:
# emerge --ask --update --changed-use --deep @world media-video/pipewire
Then depclean:
# emerge --ask --depclean
OpenRC users on an XDG-compliant desktop which respects autostart files
will not need to take any further action.
OpenRC users using a minimal desktop which does not respect autostart
files will need to run `gentoo-pipewire-launcher &` in e.g.
`~/.xprofile`.
Users who want to switch to PipeWire providing a PulseAudio daemon
may need to `emerge --deselect` packages in their world file which
hard-require media-sound/pulseaudio-daemon. There are only a handful
of these. A non-exhaustive list:
* media-sound/paprefs
* media-sound/pasystray
* media-sound/pulseaudio-modules-bt (shouldn't be needed anyway)
* net-misc/pulseaudio-dlna
If not using any of those packages anymore, please emerge --deselect
them. If still using these, PipeWire as a PulseAudio is not an
option at this time.
(Note that media-libs/libpulse (which PipeWire will be using, don't emerge
libpulse manually) provides 'pactl' which can be used as a replacement for
e.g. media-sound/pulseaudio-ctl, so personal scripts can be adapted to this
if desired.)
systemd users will also need to run the following commands:
$ systemctl --user --now disable pulseaudio.service pulseaudio.socket
$ systemctl --user --now enable pipewire.socket pipewire-pulse.socket
$ systemctl --user --now disable pipewire-media-session.service
$ systemctl --user --force enable wireplumber.service
2. To use PulseAudio's daemon for sound, users should disable USE=sound-server
for PipeWire, enable USE=daemon on media-sound/pulseaudio, and add
media-sound/pulseaudio-daemon to their world file:
Place the following entries in /etc/portage/package.use:
```
media-video/pipewire -sound-server
media-sound/pulseaudio daemon
```
Add media-sound/pulseaudio-daemon to @world:
# emerge --noreplace media-sound/pulseaudio-daemon
Then perform a world upgrade:
# emerge --ask --update --changed-use --deep @world
Then depclean:
# emerge --ask --depclean
OpenRC users on an XDG-compliant desktop which respects autostart files
will not need to take any further action.
OpenRC users using a minimal desktop which does not respect autostart
files should consider adding `gentoo-pipewire-launcher &` in e.g.
`~/.xprofile` but it's not strictly required in terms of audio
handling. It may be required in future for the non-audio usecases
described above.
systemd users will also need to run the following commands:
$ systemctl --user --now enable pulseaudio.service pulseaudio.socket
$ systemctl --user --now disable pipewire.socket pipewire-pulse.socket
Alternatively, systemd users can run the following commands as root to change
the default for all users:
# systemctl --user --global --enable pulseaudio.service pulseaudio.socket
# systemctl --user --global --force enable pipewire.socket pipewire-pulse.socket
(If taking this option, the services must be started manually as a one-off as
a user.)
3. For users without sound on their system, those using JACK without
PipeWire, or those using pure ALSA without PipeWire, the following steps
are recommended:
Place the following entries in /etc/portage/package.use:
```
media-video/pipewire -sound-server
media-sound/pulseaudio -daemon
```
Then perform a world upgrade:
# emerge --ask --update --changed-use --deep @world
Then depclean:
# emerge --ask --depclean
OpenRC users on an XDG-compliant desktop which respects autostart files
will not need to take any further action.
OpenRC users using a minimal desktop which does not respect autostart
files will need to run `gentoo-pipewire-launcher &` in e.g.
`~/.xprofile`.
systemd users will also likely want to run the following commands as a user, again
for the purposes of non-audio PipeWire use:
$ systemctl --user --now enable pipewire.socket
$ systemctl --user --now --force enable wireplumber.service
Alternatively, systemd users can run the following commands as root to change
the default for all users, again for the purposes of non-audio PipeWire use:
# systemctl --user --global --enable pipewire.socket
# systemctl --user --global --force enable wireplumber.service
(If taking this option, the services must be started manually as a one-off as
a user.)
Further resources:
* https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/PipeWire
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